Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver and can lead to both acute and chronic diseases. It is transmitted through contact with the blood or other bodily fluids of an infected person. Common routes of transmission include unprotected sexual intercourse, sharing needles, and from mother to baby during childbirth.
Symptoms of hepatitis B can vary. Some individuals may experience mild symptoms or none at all, while others may develop more severe signs such as fatigue, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), dark urine, light-coloured stools, and abdominal pain. Symptoms typically appear 6 weeks to 6 months after exposure to the virus.
Treatment options depend on whether the infection is acute or chronic. For acute hepatitis B, medical intervention may not be necessary, as the body often clears the virus on its own. In cases of chronic infection, antiviral medications can help manage the virus and reduce the risk of liver damage. Regular monitoring by a healthcare professional is essential to assess liver function and any potential complications.
Complications of hepatitis B can include chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and an increased risk of liver cancer. Early detection and ongoing management are crucial for reducing these risks and maintaining liver health.